This is an example of "deductive reasoning".
Deductive reasoning is a coherent procedure in which a conclusion depends on the concordance of numerous premises that are commonly thought to be valid.
Deductive reasoning is sometimes alluded to as top-down logic. Its partner, inductive thinking, is some of the time alluded to as base up rationale. Where deductive thinking continues from general premises to an explicit end, inductive thinking continues from explicit premises to a general end.
