In August of 1959 the dictator of the Dominican Republic, Rafael Trujillo, with support from the United States, ordered the first invasion of Cuba, through the Anti-Communist Caribbean Legion, which ended in failure. The United States, through the CIA, promoted the organization of anti-Castro guerrilla groups in the Sierra del Escambray, which were nevertheless liquidated by battalions of workers and peasants organized in militias. The last band of "elevations" was annihilated in 1965.
