It was one of the many effects of World War II.
Explanation:
Pakistan and India used to be combined and called India. In 1858 England colonized India and it remained a colony until 1947. When World War II ended England was devastated by the impacts of the war. Cities had been destroyed, there were shortages of goods and labor to rebuild the country, and the war was very costly for them. They decided to decolonize because parts of their empire were to costly for them, and because the did't want to oppress other nations. Though because of the strong controversy over religion in India, that decided to divide the country in to Pakistan and India. Still to this day the state religion of Pakistan is Islam, and India is still a secular country.
