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The cardiologist just informed a patient that they have a reentry circuit in the electrical conduction system in their heart. This arrhythmia is called Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. After the physician has left the room, the patient asks the nurse to explain this to them. Which of the following statements most accurately describes what is happening?
a) "You must have a large clot in one of your arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the special conduction cells in your heart."
b) "For some reason, your electrical system is not on full charge so they will have to put in new leads and a pacemaker to make it work better."
c) "This means that the SA node (which is the beginning of your heart's electrical system) has been damaged and is no longer functioning normal."
d) "There is an extra, abnormal electrical pathway in the heart that leads to impulses traveling around the heart very quickly, in a circular pattern, causing the heart to beat too fast."

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Answer:

d) "There is an extra, abnormal electrical pathway in the heart that leads to impulses traveling around the heart very quickly, in a circular pattern, causing the heart to beat too fast."

Explanation:

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) is characterized by an extra electrical pathway in the heart. In normal human heart, the stimulus travels between atria and ventricle via AV node. People with WPW have an extra pathway connecting the atria and the ventricles called as bundle of Kent. This pathway does not have rate slowing property unlike AV node hence conducts the electrical impulse at much higher rate. As a result there are periods of rapid heart rate called as tachycardia. During these periods, patients experience dizziness, shortness of breath, palpitations etc. During normal periods they have normal heart rate and are asymptomatic.  

Answer:

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Explanation:

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