A new statute passed by the state of Vermont prohibits the sale of any maple syrup not produced in Vermont anywhere in Vermont. The legislators maintain that the statute is for the health and welfare of Vermont residents because the state of Vermont regulates producers to ensure quality and sanitation standards. The new statute is: a. constitutional as a control of intrastate commerce. b. unconstitutional because of its excessive approach. c. constitutional as an exercise of the health and safety regulatory powers of the state. d. constitutional because it applies only to sales in the state.