The correct choice is
A) I. Sound traveling faster through the air in the Sahara desert than in Antarctica.
Explanation:
Sound is a mechanical wave, which is a periodic disturbance of the space that propagates through vibrations of the particles in the medium filling the space. In particular, sound waves are longitudinal waves, in which the direction of oscillation of the particles in the medium is parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave.
Let's analyze now each statement:
I. Sound traveling faster through the air in the Sahara desert than in Antarctica. --> TRUE. In fact, the higher the temperature of the air, the faster the sound propagates. In particular, there is a linear relationship between speed of sound and temperature of the air:
[tex]v=331.3 + 0.6T(^{\circ}C)[/tex]
where [tex]T(^{\circ}C)[/tex] is the temperature of the air in Celsius degrees.
II. An astronaut hearing the loud explosion of a ship from a mile away in space. --> FALSE. This is not possible: in fact, sound is a mechanical wave, so it propagates only through a medium, and it cannot propagate in a vacuum (space is essentially vacuum, so sound cannot propagate in space).
III. Speeds and frequencies of sounds change as they pass through different mediums. --> FALSE. When a wave passes through different mediums, only the speed and the wavelength of the wave change, while the frequency remains the same.
Learn more about waves:
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Answer: I. Sound traveling faster through the air in the Sahara desert than in Antarctica.
Explanation:
Frequency stays the same as sound passes through different mediums. An explosion in space is not going to be heard if you are in the vacuum of space yourself.
