Answer:
The right answer is:
(1) It allowed elements of capitalism within a communist economic system.
Explanation:
In the early 1920s, facing a dire economic and social situation, the Bolsheviks had to take a few steps back and reintroduce some capitalistic elements in order to stimulate growth and make the countryside produce food. In the 1980s, Mikhail Gorbachev attempted to reform a stagnated Soviet economy by allowing private initiative, entrepreneurship and decentralization of economic decisions; Gorbachev´s perestroika failed to achieve its ends, political instability took place and ultimately, communism in Eastern Europe collapsed, including the USSR.
