Answer:
School of Psychology Description Important Contributors
Structuralism Uses the method of introspection to identify the basic elements or “structures” of psychological experience Wilhelm Wundt, Edward B. Titchener
Functionalism Attempts to understand why animals and humans have developed the particular psychological aspects that they currently possess William James
Psychodynamic Focuses on the role of our unconscious thoughts, feelings, and memories and our early childhood experiences in determining behaviour Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, Erik Erickson
Behaviourism Based on the premise that it is not possible to objectively study the mind, and therefore that psychologists should limit their attention to the study of behaviour itself John B. Watson, B. F. Skinner
Cognitive The study of mental processes, including perception, thinking, memory, and judgments Hermann Ebbinghaus, Sir Frederic Bartlett,
Social-cultural The study of how the social situations and the cultures in which people find themselves influence thinking and behaviour Fritz Heider, Leon Festinger, Stanley Schachter
