Answer:
Philip had received the duchy of Milan from Charles V in 1540 and the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily in 1554 on the occasion of his marriage to Mary of England. On October 25, 1555, Charles resigned the Netherlands in Philip's favour and on January 16, 1556, the kingdoms of Spain and the Spanish overseas empire.
Answer: After his release Richard made war (1194–99) on Philip, compelling him to surrender most of his annexations. Philip also systematized the collection of customs, tolls, fines, and fees due to the crown.
