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Explanation:

Snell's Law of refraction:

Refraction of light obeys the following its two laws which's snell's law.

  • The incident ray, the normal at the point of incidence and the refracted ray, all lie in the same plane.
  • For a given pair of media and given colour of light, the ratio of the sine of angle of incidence i to the sine of angle of refraction r is a constant i.e.

[tex] \rm \cfrac{sin \: i}{sin \: r } = \mu[/tex]

This is known as the refractive index of the second medium with respect to the first medium. Mu is given as:

[tex] \rm\mu = \cfrac{Speed \; of \; light \; in\; the\; first \; medium}{Speed \; of \; light \; in\; the\; second \; medium}[/tex]

Let's take an example.

If a ray light travels from air to water,then mu = sin i/sin r is the refractive index of water with air.

[tex]\rm \cfrac{sin \: i}{sin \: r } = \mu[/tex]

Ex.1:Ray light from air to water

  • sin i = 3*10^6 m/s^1
  • sin r = 2.25*10^8 m s^-1

[tex] \rm \mu \: = \cfrac{3 \times {10}^{8} \: m \: s {}^{1} }{2.25 \times 10 {}^{8} \: m \: s {}^{ - 1} } = \cfrac{4}{3} = \boxed{ 1.33}[/tex]

Ex.2: Ray light from Air to glass:

  • sin i = 3*10^8 m s ^-1
  • sin r = 2*10^8 m s^-1

[tex] \rm \mu \: = \cfrac{3 \times {10}^{8} m \: s {}^{ - 1} }{2 \times {10}^{8 \: } m \: s {}^{ - 1} } = \cfrac{3}{2} = \boxed {1.5}[/tex]

[tex] \rule{225pt}{2pt}[/tex]

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