The action of lipase is much more manifest on triglyceride, and it is also much faster the higher the molecular weight of the fatty acid present.
What enzyme breaks down triglycerides into monoglycerides?
- The salivary glands, stomach, and pancreas secrete lipase enzymes to break down triglycerides into monoglycerides, fatty acids, and glycerol.
- It acts on the surface and in an aqueous medium, the emulsifying agent represented by bile salts is essential for optimum effectiveness.
- They are widely distributed, with a presence in the animal and plant kingdoms and even in the simplest unicellular organisms.
- Every fatty acids has a long hydrocarbon chain (with even amounts of carbons, usually 16 or 18) and a carboxyl group.Glycerol is a 3-carbon molecule with 3 -OH groups.
- Fatty accids and glycerol can be connected by single or double bonds, depending on if the fatty acid is saturated or unsaturated.when a lipid forms, the -COOH functional groups of 3 fatty acids react with -OH groups of glycerol. This leaves 16, 18, or 20 carbons, making a triglyceride 16, 18, or 20 carbons long.
- Lipases are a set of water-soluble enzymes that hydrolyze substrates such as triglycerides and phospholipids, have a similar structure and are essential in the metabolism of lipoproteins and lipids.
- That is, the function of lipase enzymes is to hydrolyze triglycerides to generate diglycerides, monoglycerides, fatty acids and glycerol.
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