1) Our genetic information is packed in 23 pairs of chromosomes. In these chromosomes we have histones (proteins that help the DNA to be very compact) and the double helix of the DNA.
2)
Chromosome- structured like an X; has a centromere in the middle -Nucleotide- thymine, adenine, guanine, cytosine; they are the base pairs that form the double helix of the DNA
Allele- it's a variant form of a gene (for example, in the gene that codes the color of the eyes the alleles possible are: blue, green, brown)
Gene- it's a sequence of nucleotides that code a protein with a certain function.
Genotype- is the genetic characteristics of an individual (the ones that pass of the parents to the children) (the individual has brown eyes but has an allele that "says" brown and the other blue)
Phenotype- the characteristics that we can observe on an individual; traits. (Theindividual has brown eyes)
