Correct answer: c. made up of temporary and permanent members
Detail:
When the United Nations was formed in 1945, the five permanent members assigned to the UN Security Council were the nations which had been victorious in World War II: The United States, the United Kingdom, France, the Soviet Union, and the Republic of China. Essentially, those same five remain the permanent members of the Security Council today, except that, since 1971, the People's Republic of China has been recognized by the UN as the legitimate government of China; and since the USSR dissolved in 1991, the Russian Federation has been recognized as the legal successor state, with UN and Security Council membership.
There are also additional seats on the Security Council for temporary members. Originally there were six temporary member seats; since 1965, there have been 10 seats for non-permanent members of the Security Council. The non-permanent member nations are elected to the Security Council by the UN General Assembly for two-year terms.
The powers of the Security Council include establishing peacekeeping operations and authorizing military action. The Security Council also has authority to impose sanctions against nations. The Security Council can issue resolutions that are binding on member states of the UN.
