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A Satire is a type of story where human behavior is held up for ridicule while a fable is a short story, often with animals instead of people, that illustrates a moral point.
A fable is a short story containing a moral or lesson that is clearly shown; however, in a satire, the main argument or point is often disguised. 

Satires generally use sarcasm, humor, and irony to ridicule human behavior. Fables tell fictional tales and convey a lesson or moral to be learned.