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Structurally, DNA and RNA are nearly identical. As mentioned earlier, however, there are three fundamental differences that account for the very different functions of the two molecules. RNA has a ribose sugar instead of a deoxyribose sugar like DNA. RNA nucleotides have a uracil base instead of thymine.

DNA is a double stranded molecule

RNA is a single stranded molecule

DNA is responsible for storing and transferring genetic information. RNA directly codes for amino acids and as acts as a messenger between DNA and ribosomes to make proteins.

DNA uses the bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine A-T C-G

RNA uses adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine.  A-U C-G