Pollen grains help A) in identifying the plants and making assumptions on climate conditions in past times.
If there is a finding of a pollen grain, it can be clearly concluded that the plant was a flowering plant. It is because only flowering plants have pollen grains that function as a part of the male reproductive system in a plant. If there is a presence of flowering plants in the region, the climatic conditions in the past can also be devised.
The protective wall of the pollen grains help them to be in the sediment layer of the ponds and lakes. The scientist take pollen grains from this layer through physical and chemical methods and use them to determine the above mentioned factors.
