One of the most common devices for measuring temperature is the glass thermometer. This consists of a glass tube filled with mercury or some other liquid, which acts as the working fluid. Temperature increase causes the fluid to expand, so the temperature can be determined by measuring the volume of the fluid.
Liquid-in-glass thermometers depend on change in the volume of a liquid as temperature changes.
Every thermometer makes use of a thermometric property. The thermometric property is the property of the substance that changes with change in temperature.
In the case of liquid-in-glass thermometers, the thermometric property is the change in the volume of a liquid with change in temperature.
The liquid used must have high expansivity and must expand and contract uniformly as temperature changes.
Hence, as the liquid expands and contracts with temperature, the height of the liquid can be used to measure temperature.
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