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step1-start of synthesis
step2-initiation
step3 -elongation
final- elongation and termination
The first step in protein synthesis is the transcription of mRNA from a DNA gene in the nucleus.
before the protein synthesis, all of the component parts are assembled in the ribosome
step 2
In the cytoplasm, protein synthesis is actually initiated by the AUG codon on mRNA. The AUG codon signals both the interaction of the ribosome with m-RNA and also the tRNA with the anticodons (UAC). The tRNA which initiates the protein synthesis has N-formyl-methionine attached. The formyl group is really formic acid converted to an amide using the -NH2 group on methionine
step 3
Elongation of the peptide begins as various tRNA's read the next codon. In the example on the left the next tRNA to read the mRNA is tyrosine. When the correct match with the anticodons of a tRNA has been found, the tyrosine forms a peptide bond with the growing peptide chain .
step 4
When the stop signal on mRNA is reached, the protein synthesis is terminated. The last amino acid is hydrolyzed from its t-RNA.
Explanation:
Protein synthesis : It is a procedure in which cells make protein.
There are two stage of protein synthesis.
1): Transcription
2): Translation
The transfer of genetic instruction in DNA to mRNA in the nucleus is called transcription. Transcription include three steps:
a) initiation b) elongation and c) termination.
After the mRNA is managed it carries the command to a ribosome in the cytoplasm.
Translation happen at the ribosome in which contain rRNA and proteins. In a translation the command mRNA are read and tRNA gives the true order of amino acids to a ribosome. after that rRNA helps bonds structure between the amino acids, construct a polypeptide chain.
Then a polypeptide chain is combined it may undergo further processing to form the finished protein.
