1. Brazil’s history differs from the history of most countries in South America because Brazil

A: was never successfully colonized by Europeans

B: was colonized by Portugal not Spain

C: Had few valuable natural resources to export

D: achieved its independence violently

2.Which effect did Spanish and Portuguese colonization have on South American Indians?

A: Warfare, disease, and harsh treatment, including being forced to work in silver mines or sugar plantations, caused the deaths of many native people.

B: South American Indians were assimilated into the European ruling class.

C: Spanish and Portuguese colonization had less effect on South American Indians than it did on those native people living in Central America and the Caribbean.

D: Many South American Indians emigrated to other parts of the Spanish or Portuguese empires.

3. What was the purpose of the Treaty of Tordesillas?

A.
to end a war between Spain and Portugal

B.
to end a war between Portugal and Muslims

C.
to divide the non-European world between Spain and Portugal

D.
to settle the terms of a trade agreement between Portugal and Muslims

1- The correct answer is B. Brazil’s history differs from the history of most countries in South America because Brazil was colonized by Portugal not Spain.

2- The correct answer is A. Warfare, disease, and harsh treatment, including being forced to work in silver mines or sugar plantations, caused the deaths of many native people.

3- The correct answer is C. The purpose of the Treaty of Tordesillas was to divide the non-European world between Spain and Portugal.

Explanation:

1- The colonization of Brazil began in 1500 with the arrival of seafarer Pedro Alvares Cabral, who proclaimed Brazil a Portuguese colony. The Brazilian north coast fell under Dutch colonial rule for some time in the 17th century. The Portuguese Crown, however, steadily expanded its rule and in 1808 the Portuguese court moved from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro. Brazil then became the pivot in the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarve and declared its independence in 1822. The connection with the Portuguese royal family was maintained for several decades in the Empire of Brazil, but was definitively broken with the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889.

2- The arrival of Europeans in the fifteenth century changed the lives of the peoples of America. Among the hundreds of nations that populated the continent, many have disappeared or been exterminated. The demographic disaster is due mainly to epidemics, but also to wars, forced labor, displacement of entire tribes. The Indian population in Latin America rose, according to estimates, from 30 to 80 million inhabitants during the "discovery" of America by Christopher Columbus to 4.5 million a century and a half later.

3- The Treaty of Tordesillas governed the division of the non-European world between Castile and Kingdom of Portugal, which organized the first voyages of discovery. The treaty was ratified by Castile on 2 July 1494 and by Portugal on 5 September 1494.