Answer:
Mass = 17.12 g
Explanation:
Given data:
Mass of Al = 3.90 g
Mass of H₂SO₄ = 13.65
Mass of aluminium sulfate = ?
Solution:
Chemical equation:
3H₂SO₄ + 2Al → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂
Now we will calculate the number of moles of each reactant.
Moles of H₂SO₄:
Number of moles = mass/ molar mass
Number of moles = 13.65 g/ 98.079 g/mol
Number of moles = 0.14 mol
Moles of Al:
Number of moles = mass/ molar mass
Number of moles = 3.90 g/ 27 g/mol
Number of moles = 0.14 mol
Now we will compare the moles of aluminium sulfate with sulfuric acid and aluminium.
H₂SO₄ : Al₂(SO₄)₃
3 : 1
0.14 : 1/3×0.14 = 0.05
Al : Al₂(SO₄)₃
2 : 1
0.14 : 1/2×0.14 = 0.07
The number of moles of aluminium sulfate produced by sulfuric acid are less so it will limiting reactant and limit the amount of aluminium sulfate.
Mass of aluminium sulfate:
Mass = number of moles × molar mass
Mass = 0.05 mol × 342.15 g/mol
Mass = 17.12 g
