The two laws are connected for instance for the Earth-Sun system
Explanation:
The two laws involved in this problem are the following:
Newton's 3rd law of motion:
"when an object exerts a force on a second object (action force), the second object exerts an equal and opposite force (reaction force) on the first object."
Newton's law of Universal Gravitation:
"Every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force of magnitude
[tex]F=G\frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2}[/tex]
where
[tex]G=6.67\cdot 10^{-11} m^3 kg^{-1}s^{-2}[/tex] is the gravitational constant
m1, m2 are the masses of the two objects
r is the separation between them
"
The two laws apply at the same time when we consider, for example, the Sun and the Earth. In fact:
- Newton's law of gravitation tells us that the Earth and the Sun attract each other through the gravitational force - this means that the Earth applies a force on the Sun which is towards the Earth, while the Sun applies a force on the Earth which is towards the Sun, and the magnitude of the two forces is the same (given by [tex]F=G\frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2}[/tex]
), while their direction is opposite
- But this exactly equivalent to what it is asserted in Newton's 3rd law: in fact, the force applied by the Earth on the Sun is equal and opposite to that applied by the Sun on the Earth.
Learn more about Newton's third law and gravity:
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