Respuesta :
Answer:
Bernard Kettlewell tested Tutt's hypothesis about splashed moths by releasing certain numbers of dark and light individuals in two forest sets, and then recapturing and counting the dark and light individuals that were in each of the forests.
Explanation:
This entomologist raised in captivity and conveniently marked, in order to identify them later, some light and dark modifications of Biston betularia. He later released them, in broad daylight, in soot-free forests and other contaminated forests. Some time later, they captured as many as they could in each of the areas where they had been released. Dark moths had survived better on blackened trees, while light moths had survived on trees covered with white lichens. This discovery reinforced his hypothesis that the color change was a consequence of a natural selection made by the predatory action of the birds. His scientific articles were very successful, however, when the evolutionary colleagues themselves delved into the methodology used by Kettlewell, they began to appear serious inconveniences.
One of these drawbacks was that moths did not usually perch on the main trunk of the trees to rest, just as Kettlewell's photographs showed. The researcher had taken those images after pasting dissected examples on the logs. In reality, these butterflies are active during the night, while during the day they hide to rest but under the upper branches, not in the trunks. When the English naturalist released the examples, in broad daylight, next to the trunks of the birches, he created an artificial situation that does not occur in nature. It wasn't that Kettlewell did it with bad intentions or with the idea of falsifying the results, but that he thought he was reproducing what really happened in the natural world. However, he was in error.
In conclusion, it can be said that the evidence of melanism is not the evidence of natural selection, nor of the selective agents are the birds that feed on mottled moths.
