Assume that the protein normally made from this gene (nonsense mutation change the amino acid sequence into a stop codon UAA) plays a role in cat coat color, causing a brown pigment to be converted into a black one. What would happen if a copy of the gene (an allele) developed a mutation that resulted in a non-functional protein? There is more than one possibility—describe two of them in 2-3 sentences each.

Frameshift mutations are an addition or omission in a DNA strand that interferes with the way the text is interpreted. This arises when the codons experience a disturbance by removing or adding one or more nucleotides (because the amount deleted or inserted is not multiples of 3)-this affects the available reading frame.

Insertions involve the addition of a sequence of genes within another. This may affect the way the genes are read, and render the resulting protein non-functional.

Further Explanation:

Spontaneous genome changes happen during the cycle of cell division. These mutations are defects as copies of the DNA are produced within the cell; mutations may range from small modifications called single nucleotide polymorphisms to large-scale deletions and multi-gene additions. There are two types:

somatic: these exist only within some cells and result from environmental factors such as UV light
hereditary: occur within the parent's germ cells, when the egg is fertilized and produces a zygote; these occur within all the new organism's cells.

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Iqta Iqta · Answer 2 · 2020-02-10T04:28:41+01:00

Answer:

Mutations that can lead to non-functional protein are:

Missense mutation
Frameshift mutation (insertion, deletion)

Explanation:

Mutation are alterations in the DNA sequence that codes for a particular gene. These can be of two major types including point mutations and chromosomal aberrations.
Point mutations are changes in one base pair in the DNA sequence. Thses include substitutions, deletions and insertions.
Substitutions further include missense, nonsense and silent mutations.
Insertions and deletions are frameshift mutations that lead to formation of no-functional proteins.

Missense Mutation:

A missense mutation occurs when the DNA sequence is altered in a way that the alteration codes for a new amino acid. This introduces a change in the amino acid sequence of the target protein leading to its non-functionality.

Frameshift Mutation:

A frameshift mutation includes insertions and deletions. It includes the addition or deletion of one or two base pairs in the DNA sequence. This alters the reading frame of the DNA and rearranges the codons leading to an altered amino acid sequence and therefore, a non-functional protein.