Respuesta :
iodine is a solid at STP (standard room temperature and pressure) as the intermolecular forces between the iodide compound is strongly held by bonds such as electrostatic forces of attraction if its a ionic compound. Therefore STP is so sufficient enough to breakthrough these bonds hence its a solid. However, chlorine’s a gas as its intermolecular bonds are weak, and STP is strong enough to break these bonds of where chlorine is a gas
NOTE: they should really give you a compound so you can identify between covalent and ionic bonds and talk about it in more depth
NOTE: they should really give you a compound so you can identify between covalent and ionic bonds and talk about it in more depth
More energy is required to break the intermolecular forces in iodine, therefore, iodine is solid at room temperature, while the intermolecular forces in the chlorine atom can break easily, thus it is a gas at room temperature.
• Iodine possess higher atomic number in comparison to chlorine, and also possess more electrons in its electron shells.
• Iodine possess more electrons per molecule in comparison to chlorine, which signifies that iodine has more contact surfaces for intermolecular forces in between the molecules.
• Though intermolecular forces are weak force of attraction, but when present in combination they are very robust and due to presence of more forces between the molecules of iodine its shows that more heat energy is needed to dissociate these intermolecular forces and separate the molecules thus iodine is a solid.
• This is not the case with chlorine as chlorine comprise less intermolecular forces in between their molecules, which can be dissociated easily by less heat, that is, at room temperature. Thus, chlorine is a gas at room temperature.
Thus, presence of more intermolecular forces in the molecules of iodine makes it solid at room temperature, while less intermolecular forces in the molecules of chlorine makes it gas at room temperature.
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