Answer:
(1) The improvement in the level of living: Will African countries be capable of improving the levels of living for their people with the current and anticipated levels of population growth? To extent does rapid population increase make it more difficult to provide essential social services including housing, transport, sanitation, and security?
(2) Increase labour forces and the problem of unemployment: How will African countries be able to cope with the vast increases in their labor forces over the coming decades? Will employment opportunities be plentiful or will it be a major achievement just to keep unemployment levels from rising?
(3) the problem of poverty alleviation: What are the implications of higher population growth rates among the world's poor for their chances of overcoming the human misery of absolute poverty? Will world food supply and its distributon be sufficient not only to meet the anticipated population increasein the coming decades but also to improve nutritional levels to the point where all humans can have an adequate diet?
(4) improvement- in health and education: Given the anticipated-population growth will African countries be able to extend the coverage and improve the quality of their health and educational systems so that everyone can at least have the chance to secure adequate health care and basic education?
(5) Poverty and the freedom of choice: To what extent are the low levels of living an important factor in limiting the freedom of parents to choose a desired family size? Is there a relationship between poverty and family size? In view of the above questions, it is important to frame the population issue not simply in terms of numbers, or densities, or rates, or movements but with full consideration of the qualities of human life: prosperity in place of poverty education in place of illiteracy full opportunities for the next generations of children in place of current limitations. Population trends if favourable, open man's options and enlarge his choices. Thus population policy is not an end but only a means - a means to better life. This what the concern about population is about, or ought to be.
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