Respuesta :

Because of its relatively large mass and charge, an alpha particle produces ions in a very localized area. An alpha particle loses some of its energy each time it produces an ion, finally acquiring two electrons from an atom at the end of its path to become a helium atom. An alpha particle has a short range (several centimeters) in air. 

Explanation:

Alpha particles are less penetrating than a beta or gamma particle. Alpha particles are doubly charged helium nuclei. It consists of two neutrons and two protons.

The penetration of any ray is given by the following relation :

[tex]T=e^{-u}\ l[/tex]

Where

T is the transmittance of any material

u is the coefficient of penetration

l is the length of penetration

The mass and charge of alpha particle is more as compared to beta and gamma particles. They can produce ions easily. So, they penetrates more as compared to beta and gamma rays.