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You come across a thick deposit of shale that forms a layer in the ground. What can you infer about the area's past environment?

A. It was near a volcano, because shale forms when lava cools quickly and hardens.
B. It was covered by water, because shale forms when water deposits clay particles.
C. It was underground in a volcanic area, because shale forms when magma cools slowly and hardens.
D. It was covered by water, because shale forms when water evaporates and deposits the dissolved clay.