Interphase
During interphase, there are three subdivisions: G1, S, and G2. G1 is the growth and development phase. S phase is when the cell duplicates its DNA, so that it can distribute it. In G2, the cell finishes its preparations for mitosis by checking the DNA and ensuring the mitotic proteins are present.
Steps of Mitosis
Prophase
The mitotic spindle begins to form, the nucleolus disappears, the nuclear envelope breaks down and the chromosomes begin to condense.
Metaphase
During metaphase, the chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate in the center of a cell. The chromosomes are connected to the mitotic spindle on either side.
Anaphase
Motor proteins drive this process by pulling the sister chromatids apart towards opposite ends of the cell.
Telophase
The chromosomes begin to de-condense, the nuclear envelope and the nucleolus reappears, and the spindle fibers disappear.
Cytokinesis
After telophase, cytokinesis is the splitting of the cytoplasmic material. It completes cell division.
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