4. In centralized decision making, authority is

A. shared throughout the organization.
B. delegated to wherever it's needed to solve problems.
C. kept at senior management levels.
D. pushed down to front-line employees.

5. Which of the following types of organizations operate to protect, preserve, and educate citizens?

A. Nonprofit
B. Mutual-benefit
C. Porous
D. Commonweal

6. How do organizations formulate and implement strategies that provide a competitively superior fit between the organization and its environment to achieve its goals?

A. Developing stretch goals
B. Becoming porous organizations
C. During supernormal growth business cycles
D. Using the strategic management process

7. Employee empowerment can be found in _______ departments.

A. legacy
B. semi-silo
C. agile
D. silo

8. Which of the following considers both owners and customers when making management decisions?

A. C-corporation
B. Limited liability company (LLC)
C. B-corporation
D. S-corporation

9. Juan found a supplier that costs 20% less than all other suppliers who provide the same quality. This is an example of

A. efficiency.
B. productivity.
C. economy.
D. effectiveness.

10. Which of the following measures how well a job is performed?

A. Economical
B. Efficiency
C. Effectiveness
D. Productivity

11. Which of the following measures the total market value of all final goods and services produced by a country in a given year?

A. Consumer price index (CPI)
B. Producer price index (PPI)
C. Gross national product (GNP)
D. Gross domestic product (GDP)