What were the reasons Lincoln gave for issuing the Emancipation Proclamation and why did he wait until January 1, 1863, to make it effective?

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Answer:

From the first days of the Civil War, slaves had acted to secure their own liberty. The Emancipation Proclamation confirmed their insistence that the war for the Union must become a war for freedom. It added moral force to the Union cause and strengthened the Union both militarily and politically.

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