Mutations often have harmful effects on an organism. The most harmful is caused by frameshift mutations. The deletion of 3 bases near the center of a gene is most likely to cause this kind of mutation.
Mutations can be harmful to an organism, however, not all mutations are. Some mutations can actually go unnoticed. This is due to the fact that multiple codons can code for the same amino acid. For example, if a mutation causes one thymine to be replaced by adenine, but this creates a new codon that happens to code for the same amino acid as the previous one, the change will go unnoticed.
Unlike substitutions, insertions or deletions are often very harmful to organisms. The deletion of 3 bases near the center of a gene will likely cause the order in which the genetic code is read to shift, this is known as a frameshift mutation and leads to a variety of harmful impacts.
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