Considering the equivalence between mass and energy given by the expression of Einstein's theory of relativity, the correct answer is the last option: the energy equivalent of an object with a mass of 2.5 kg is E= 2.25×10¹⁷ J.
The equivalence between mass and energy given by the expression of Einstein's theory of relativity, where the energy of a body at rest (E) is equal to its mass (m) multiplied by the speed of light (c) squared:
E=m×c²
This indicates that an increase or decrease in energy in a system correspondingly increases or decreases its mass, and an increase or decrease in mass corresponds to an increase or decrease in energy. In other words, mass itself is a measure of an equivalent amount of energy.
In other words, a change in the amount of energy E, of an object is directly proportional to a change in its mass m.
In this case, you know:
Replacing:
E= 2.5 kg× (3×10⁸ m/s)²
Solving:
E= 2.25×10¹⁷ J
Finally, the correct answer is the last option: the energy equivalent of an object with a mass of 2.5 kg is E= 2.25×10¹⁷ J.
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