Gorbachev's decision to allow elections with a multi-party system and
create a presidency for the Soviet Union began a slow process of democratization that ultimately destabilized communist control and contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union.
The failed coup against Gorbachev in August 1991 sealed the fate of the Soviet Union. The coup, planned by communists, reduced Gorbachev's power and pushed Yeltsin and the democratic forces to the forefront of the Soviet and Russian politics.
The collapse of the Soviet Union was a process of internal disintegration within the Soviet Union (USSR) that resulted in the end of the existence of the country and its federal government as a sovereign state, resulting in its constitutional republics gaining full sovereignty on 26 December.
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