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The correct option (C) having participants drink a caffeinated energy drink rather than a caffeinated cola

Conceptual replication is the process by which researchers repeatedly test the same theoretical proposition or hypothesis, but with different populations, approaches to manipulating variables, methods for measuring variables, or study designs.

What is a conceptual replication example?

Instead of only males misidentifying line lengths, a conceptual replication of Asch's research could involve both male and female confederates purposefully misidentifying types of fruit to investigate conformity. Both exact and conceptual replications are important because they both reveal new information.

What is the main aim of a conceptual replication?

As opposed to this, conceptual replications seek to "operationalize the underlying theoretical variables using different manipulations and/or different measures."

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Full Question  :RESEARCH STUDY 14.1: Melanie conducts a study for her research methods class to determine if consuming caffeine causes people to perform better on cognitive tasks. In her study, she gives half of her participants a glass of water and half of her participants a glass of cola and then has them attempt to solve 15 math problems. She finds that people who drink caffeine beforehand solve more math problems than those who drink water beforehand.

Melanie decides to conduct a conceptual replication. Which of the following could be in the study to make it this type of replication?

A) measuring the same participants one week later

B) having participants complete 10 math problems instead of 15

C) having participants drink a caffeinated energy drink rather than a caffeinated cola

D) measuring a different group of participants