The United States is a constitutional democracy is the basis of the supreme court ruling (smith v. allwright) that ended the white primary in Texas.
Thurgood Marshall stood before the US Supreme Court in Smith v. Allwright to make the case that Texas' Democratic primary system permitted whites to structurally control the one-party South's politics. It was specifically raised in the lawsuit whether it was unconstitutional for the Texas Democratic Party to forbid Black voters from participating in primary elections.
The Supreme Court determined that it did, stating as follows:
A democracy with a constitution governs the United States. By virtue of its organic law, every person has the freedom to choose their representatives without fear of racial discrimination from any state. This gift of the right to vote to the people cannot be revoked by a state by structuring its electoral system in a way that allows a private group to engage in racial discrimination during an election.
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