A longitudinal design is a single-case experimental approach in which a treatment is repeatedly provided throughout time to various subjects, for various behaviors, or in various contexts.
The examination of a variable or set of variables over an extended time, perhaps several years, in identical cases or participants. A multiyear comparison of the same students in quite an urban and then a suburban school to chart their language function in detail is an epitome of a longitudinal design.
Clinical and social psychology frequently use longitudinal research to examine patterns over the course of a lifetime as well as changes in behaviors, beliefs, and emotions. For instance, a longitudinal research might be used to look at children's development and wellbeing at crucial ages from infancy through adulthood.
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