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Socialist participation in the communist-inspired Popular Front was an electoral strategy during the mid-1930s that was meant to check the rapid advance of facism and other antidemocratic movements that were gaining ground at this time. In both Spain and France, for example, socialists played a pivotal role in forging a political alliance that embraced a wide spectrum of left and liberal factions. However, in Spain the Popular Front government formed in February 1936 was short lived, as civil war broke out in July. In France, Léon Blum's (1872–1950) socialist-led Popular Front coalition also enjoyed only limited success between 1936 and 1938. In this brief period, Blum managed to push through a number of social reform measures, such as the implementation of the forty-hour work week, before his government succumbed to the pressures of its conservative and pro-appeasement rivals.
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Civil rights issues both united and divided society in the United States during the period of 1919-1939. During these years, great unity was seen among the Black population of the country. Many black people became proud of their heritage, and this led to movements that emphasized Black pride and Black nationalism. Civil rights issued gained prominence due to the social movements of black leaders. One of the most important was the Harlem Renaissance. During this period, many Black artists, dancers, musicians, scholars and thinkers became relevant in the social life of the country.

On the other hand, there was a lot of division among various groups in society, particularly in the Southern United States. Many white supremacist groups began, and others gained strength. Moreover, black people continued to be disenfranchised due to the existence of Jim Crow laws. Therefore, when the discussion of civil rights issues arose, these significantly divided society.

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