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What are the oxidation numbers of the atoms in this reaction?

Check all that apply.

Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)

0 for Mg in Mg and MgCl2

0 for Mg(s) and H in H2

+1 for H in HCl

-1 for Cl in HCl

+2 for Mg in MgCl2

Respuesta :

Answer : The correct options are:

0 for Mg(s) and H in [tex]H_2[/tex]

+1 for H in HCl

+1 for H in HCl

+2 for Mg in [tex]MgCl_2[/tex]

Explanation :

The given chemical reaction is:

[tex]Mg(s)+2HCl(aq)\rightarrow MgCl_2(aq)+H_2(g)[/tex]

Oxidation state of Mg(s) is, 0

Oxidation state of hydrogen in HCl is, (+1)

Oxidation state of chlorine in HCl is, (-1)

Oxidation state of Mg in [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] is, (+2)

Oxidation state of Cl in [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] is, (-1)

Oxidation state of hydrogen in [tex]H_2[/tex] is, 0

The given reaction is a single displacement reaction in which the most reactive metal (Mg) displaces the least reactive element (H) from its compound.

It is also a redox reaction because the oxidation state of Mg changes from 0 to (+2) and shows oxidation and the oxidation state of hydrogen changes from (+1) to 0 and shows reduction.

The oxidation state of the given atoms indicates the amount of change

that the atoms undergoes in ionic bonds.

Correct responses;

  • The oxidation number for Mg in Mg(s) is 0
  • The oxidation number of H in H₂ is 0
  • The oxidation number for Mg in MgCl₂ is +2
  • The oxidation number of H in HCl is +1
  • The oxidation number of Cl in HCl is -1

How are the oxidation numbers found?

The oxidation numbers of an atom indicates the number of electrons

gained or lost by the atom in when the substance is formed.

Therefore;

The oxidation numbers of the atoms in the reaction are;

The number of electrons lost or gained by Mg in Mg(s) = 0

Therefore;

  • The oxidation number of Mg in Mg(s) is 0

To form MgCl₂, magnesium donates 2 electrons to chlorine to have an oxidation state of +2.

Therefore;

  • The oxidation number of Mg in MgCl₂ is +2

The number of electrons gained or lost by hydrogen to form H₂ is 0.

Therefore;

  • The oxidation state of hydrogen is 0, and the oxidation number of H in H₂ is 0

To form HCl, hydrogen gives one electron to chlorine, to have an oxidation number of +1

Therefore;

  • The oxidation number of H in HCl is +1

The corollary for chlorine in HCl is therefore;

  • The oxidation number of chlorine in HCl is -1

Learn more about oxidation numbers here:

https://brainly.com/question/1542641

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