Adverbs give additional information about the circumstances around the action, such as time, quantity, place, etc. Adverbs are made by one word that have an ending -ly or -ic, or also there are comparative or superlative adverbs. Adverbial phrases follow the same as adverbs but they are made with more than one word and they are used to modify verbs, adjectives, sentences, and other adverbs. You can identify an adverb or and adverbial phrase mainly by asking the questions: how? when? where?
Having said that, correct answers are: Option a, b, c, and e.
Option a. Quickly but cautiously it is an adverbial phrase, because the phrase give us an idea of how the action is made adding information about the way things are done, by using two adverbs in a phrase.
Option b. From an overnight rain it is also an adverbial phrase, because the phrase is adding information about from where the action happened, by using more than one word.
Option c. Over the surface and Option e. Around the track are also adverbial phrases, because both cases are telling us where the action is taken, by using a complete phrase.
However, Option d. Warm and shinning it is not an adverbial phrase, because the phrase is stating that something have some characteristics: warm and shinning, but no more information is added about the circumstances of those characteristics, therefore they are mere adjectives and no adverbial phrase.
