The concept of judicial review came after the decision of the case Marbury v. Madison by the US Supreme Court. This decision determined that the US Supreme Court has the power to determine if a law or an action from the Congress and the US President is constitutional or not. This is a part of the check and balances system, where each branch of government is subjected to a limitation by another branch. The US Supreme Court is the guardian of the US Constitution and this way any law that is against it must be considered unconstitutional.
