About 10% of the energy at one trophic level is passed to the next level. What usually happens to the energy that is not passed to the next trophic level or used to carry out life processes?

It is used in reproduction.
It is used in reproduction.

It is used in protein synthesis.
It is used in protein synthesis.

It is stored as vitamins.
It is stored as vitamins.

It is given off as heat.